Engineering is the application of science and math to solve problems. Engineers figure out how things work and find practical uses for scientific discoveries. Scientists and inventors often get the credit for innovations that advance the human condition, but it is engineers who are instrumental in making those innovations available to the world.
In his book, "Disturbing the Universe" (Sloan Foundation, 1981), physicist Freeman Dyson wrote, "A good scientist is a person with original ideas. A good engineer is a person who makes a design that works with as few original ideas as possible. There are no prima donnas in engineering."
What does an engineer do ?
Engineers design, evaluate, develop, test, modify, install, inspect and maintain a wide variety of products and systems. They also recommend and specify materials and processes, supervise manufacturing and construction, conduct failure analysis, provide consulting services and teach engineering courses in colleges and universities.
The field of engineering is divided into a large number of specialty areas.Some of them are as below:
- Mechanical engineering involves design, manufacturing, inspection and maintenance of machinery, equipment and components as well as control systems and instruments for monitoring their status and performance. This includes vehicles, construction and farm machinery, industrial installations and a wide variety of tools and devices.
- Electrical engineering involves design, testing, manufacturing, construction, control, monitoring and inspection of electrical and electronic devices, machinery and systems. These systems vary in scale from microscopic circuits to national power generation and transmission systems.
- Civil engineering involves design, construction, maintenance and inspection of large infrastructure projects such as highways, railroads, bridges, tunnels, dams and airports.
- Biomedical engineering is the practice of designing systems, equipment and devices for use in the practice of medicine. It also involves working closely with medical practitioners, including doctors, nurses, technicians, therapists and researchers, in order to determine, understand and meet their requirements for systems, equipment and devices
- Computer engineering is the practice of designing computer hardware components, computer systems, networks and computer software.
- Industrial engineering is the practice of designing and optimizing facilities, equipment, systems and processes for manufacturing, material processing, and any number of other work environments.
- Environmental engineering is the practice of preventing, reducing and eliminating sources of pollution that affect air, water and land. It also involves detecting and measuring pollution levels, determining sources of pollution, cleaning up and rehabilitating polluted sites and ensuring compliance with local, state and federal regulations.
Particularly, engineers require in-depth knowledge of mathematics, physics and computer applications such as simulations and computer-aided design. This is why most college programs including Nepal include basic engineering courses in a wide range of topics before students choose to specialize in a particular area.
Listed below is a more detailed description of the different areas of Civil Engineering where you could work:
CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT
* Project Manager
* Estimator
* Scheduler
* Project Engineer
GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING
* Foundation Designer
* Landfill Manager
* Engineering Geologist
* Hazardous Waste Manager
PUBLIC WORKS ENGINEERING
* City Manager
* City Engineer
* Federal Employee
ENGINEERING RESEARCH
* Government Researcher
* Corporate Researcher
* Educational Researcher
STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING
* Designer
* Evaluator/Analyst
TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
* Planner
* Consultant
* Operations Manager
* Intelligent Transportation Systems
* Highway Geometric Design
WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING
* Hydraulic Engineer/Hydrologist
* Sanitary Engineer
* Water Related Structural Engineer
CAD-Engineer
* Design of building using CAD-software
* Analysis of building structure
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